This is a list of botanical burnt remains found in several temples including:
- Sanctuary of Apollo and Artemis, Kalapodi, 10th-9th c. B.C. “Pilier des Rhodies”,
- Delphi, 8th-7th c. B.C.
- Samian Heraion, 7th c. B.C.
- Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore, 5th c. B.C.
- Roman Palaimonion, Pit A A.D. 50-100 Palaimonion, Pit C, late 2nd-early 3rd c. B.C.
- Heroon of Messene 3rd c. BC
the “x” originally indicates where said remains have been found, I left them in as an indication of frequency.
Cereals
- Wheat (Triticum sp) x x x x x x
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare) x x x x
- Cereal cakes
Legumes
- Lentil (Lens culinaris) x x x x x
- Fava bean (Vicia faba) x
- Pea (Pisum sativum) x x x
- Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) xx x
- Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) x
- Ervil/bitter betch (Vicia ervilia) xx x
Fruits and nuts
- Olives (Olea sp) x x x x
- Grape (Vitis vinifera) xx x x
- Fig (Ficus carica) x xx x x
- Pomegranate (Punica granatum) x x x x x
- Apple (Malus sylvestris/Domestica) x
- Walnut (Juglans regia) – not found in Greek temples but found in Italian ones.
- Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) x
- Chestnut (Castanea sativa) x
- Almond (Amygdalus communis) x
- Date (Phoenix dactylifera) x
- Pine (Pinus pinea – bracts and nuts) x x
- Oak (Quercus sp – acorns) x x
- Quince (Cydonia oblonga) x
- Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) x
- Melon (Cucumis melo) x
- Pistachio (Pistacia sp) x
- Poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum) x x x
Basically: people offered what they had, lists like those are best used as inspiration if you don’t know what to offer and informative purposes.
Source: Megaloudi, F. Burnt sacrificial plant offerings in Hellenistic times: an archaeobotanical case study from Messene, Peloponnese, Greece. Veget Hist Archaeobot 14, 329–340 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-005-0083-x
Dithyramb 